Coagulopathies are a group of conditions in which there is a problem with the body’s blood clotting process. These disorders can lead to prolonged, heavy bleeding after an injury. Bleeding may also begin spontaneously.

Bleeding problems can range from mild to severe.

Some bleeding disorders are present from birth and are passed from parent to child (inherited). Others develop because of: 

• – Diseases such as vitamin K deficiency 
• – Severe liver disease
• – Treatments such as the use of medications to stop blood clots (anticoagulants) or long-term use of antibiotics. 

Bleeding disorders can also result from the number and function of the blood cells that promote blood clotting (platelets). These disorders can also be inherited or develop later (acquired). Side effects of certain medications often lead to acquired forms.

Symptoms may include any of the following:

• – Bleeding into joints and muscles
• – Bruising that is easily created
• – Heavy bleeding
• – Heavy menstrual bleeding
• – Nosebleeds that do not stop easily
• – Excessive bleeding during surgical procedures
• – Bleeding in the umbilical cord after childbirth 

Treatment depends on the type of disorder and may include:

• – Clotting factor replacement
• – Fresh frozen plasma transfusion
• – Platelet transfusion
• – Other treatments.

Md. León, Hematologist